Liyan yang

Given name: Yang Bing Yan; Also Known as: Yuan Bingyan, Crystal Yuan, 圆圆, 晓茗, 小红, Yuan Yuan, Xiao Ming, Xiao Hong; Nationality: Chinese; Gender: Female; Born: January 17, 1992; Age: 31; Yuan Bing Yan is a Chinese actress, born in Shanghai and graduated from Shanghai Theater Academy. At the age of six, she began to learn Guzheng and ...

Yang et al. (2020) built an IDS model within the SDN controller, which is an ensemble of multiple layers with an implementation auto-encoder method (Griffin), to improve the anomaly detection ...In this paper, a spatial error compensation method was proposed for CNC machining center based on the unified error model. The spatial error distribut…The Insider Trading Activity of SARIN RAVI YANG on Markets Insider. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksLiyan Yang Recently, exchanges have been directly selling market data. We analyze how this practice affects price discovery, the cost of capital, return volatility, market liquidity, information ...Yan Xiong, , Liyan Yang 0.3cm HKUST Toronto Created Date: 20230524012550Z ... Liyan Yang acknowledges the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for financial support (Grants 430-2018-00173 and 435-2021-0040). † Department of Finance, Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre [email protected]. Office Phone: (215) 746-0499. office Address: 2253 Steinberg-Dietrich Hall. 3620 Locust Walk. Philadelphia, PA 19104. Research Interests: corporate finance, feedback effects between financial markets and real economy, financial fragility and crises, financial institutions, financial markets. Links: Personal Website.

Liyan Yang, University of Toronto Rotman School of Management Discussant: Todd Keister, Rutgers University | Presentation Open Banking: Credit Market Competition When Borrowers Own the Data Zhiguo He, University of Chicago, Booth School of Business Jing Huang, Texas A&M University, Mays Business School Jidong Zhou, Yale School of ManagementLiyan Yang. University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management. Haoxiang Zhu. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Date Written: March 19, 2021. Abstract. Market prices are noisy signals of economic fundamentals. In a two-period model, we show that if the central ...Interchromosomal contacts between regulatory regions trigger stable transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in DrosophilaYanan Wu, Cunbin An, Lanlan Shi, Liyan Yang, Yunpeng Qin, Ningning Liang, Chang He, Zhaohui Wang, Jianhui Hou. The Crucial Role of Chlorinated Thiophene Orientation in Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaic Devices. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2018, 57 (39) , 12911-12915. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807865. Ailing Tang, Bo Xiao, Fan Chen ...May 18, 2023 · Abstract. Recent financialization in commodity markets makes it easier for institutional investors to trade a portfolio of commodities via various commodity-indexed products. We present several pieces of novel causal evidence that daily exposure to such index trading results in price overshoots and reversals, as reflected in negative daily ... Nah, berikut ini langkah-langkah melatih kepercayaan diri untuk berbicara dengan orang lain: 1. Latihan berbicara di depan cermin. Langkah awal untuk melatih cara berkomunikasi dengan orang lain adalah bicara sendiri. Dilansir dari Psychology Today , melatih self-talk atau berbicara sendiri bisa membantu meningkatkan rasa percaya diri …

China's economic model involves active government intervention in financial markets. We develop a theoretical framework in which interventions prevent a market breakdown and a volatility explosion caused by the reluctance of short-term investors to trade against noise traders. In the presence of information frictions, the government can alter [email protected] (L.Yang). 1. Introduction One of the main conclusions often coming up following financial crises and failures is the need to provide more precise public information. Regulatory efforts of this kind go back at least to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and have been refined and reinforced many times over theThe network effects on the cost of capital, liquidity, trading volume, and welfare are also sensitive to whether information is endogenous. Our analysis highlights the importance of information acquisition in examining the implications of information networks for financial markets. This paper was accepted by Wei Xiong, finance.Correspondence Zhonglei Wang and Liyan Yang, Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, No. 57 Jingxuan West Rd, Qufu 273165, Shandong, P. R. China. Email: [email protected] and [email protected]Zhonglei Wang 1 2 , Liyan Yang 3 , Xian-Qing Song 4 Affiliations 1 Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China. 2 School of Pharmaceutical ...

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Liyan Yang; Tony He; Volume 141, August 2022. Download full issue. Previous vol/issue. Next vol/issue. Actions for selected articles. Select all / Deselect all. Download PDFs Export citations. Show all article previews Show all article previews. Receive an update when the latest issues in this journal are published.Zhonglei Wang 1 2 , Liyan Yang 3 , Xian-Qing Song 4 Affiliations 1 Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China. 2 School of Pharmaceutical ...The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) quickly spread all over China and to more than 20 other countries. Although the virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [SARS-Cov-2]) nucleic acid real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test has become the standard method for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, these real-time PCR test kits have many limitations.Over the past decade, 3C-related methods, complemented by increasingly detailed microscopic views of the nucleus, have provided unprecedented insights into chromosome folding in vivo. Here, to overcome the resolution limits inherent to the majority of genome-wide chromosome architecture mapping studies, we extend a recently …

Liyan yang terkejut tidak mempedulikannya. Akibat kepenatan, Tae-Bong telah tertidur di beranda rumah tersebut. Keesokkan pagi, dia tersedar bahawa Liyan telah meninggalkannya dengan menunggang sebuah motosikal. Dengan itu, Tae-Bong terus mengejar sehingga Liyan mengalami kemalangan jalan raya dan cedera di tangan …Historical Placement of Ph.D. Students. The program of study is designed to train for research careers as faculty in public policy programs, public health programs, and other academic programs, and for non-academic research careers in think tanks, private consulting, government, or the not-for-profit sector.LIYAN YANG: Interest rate cutting is a conventional monetary policy that central banks use to stimulate economic growth. This is typically done when central banks are concerned that an economic slowdown is looming. The rationale behind this policy is simple: A lower interest rate encourages companies to invest and consumers to borrow and spend ...@article{Peng2023EffectOC, title={Effect of Chestnut (Castanea Mollissima Blume) Bur Polyphenol Extract on Shigella dysenteriae: Antibacterial Activity and the Mechanism}, author={Fei Peng and Linan Chen and Xiuping Wang and Zuoqing Yu and Caihong Cheng and Yuedong Yang}, journal={Molecules}, year={2023}, volume={28}, url={https://api ...Informasionalisme adalah kesempatan bagi narasi liyan yang melampaui kepentingan pasar itu sendiri. Ruang publik adalah medan kontestasi makna yang berarti konflik terbuka. Castells sah-sah saja antipolitik, tapi ia tidak boleh abai bahwa advokasinya mengenai ‘kapitalisme global dan globalisme kapital’ disetir oleh ragam ironi politik …Liyan Yang Professor, Finance University of Toronto. Female. high. confidence. Category: Universities. Salary Information Historical salary and taxable benefits from 1996 to 2021. YEAR POSITION SALARY BENEFITS RAISE SalaryTotalRank SalaryTotalOutOf SalaryCategoryRank SalaryCategoryOutOfCraig Doidge, Alexander Dyck and Liyan Yang. ∗. February 1, 2021. Abstract ... Liyan Yang: Rotman School of Management,. University of Toronto ...Liyan Yang Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Canada, and Guanghua School of Management, Peking University, China. Send correspondence to Liyan Yang, [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic. Google Scholar ...Liyan Yang is an employee working in University Of Toronto, according to the data provided by Province of Ontario, Treasury Board Secretariat. The position title is Professor of Finance. The annual salary is $419,575.05.Liyan Wen; Ji-Quan Yang; 1 This paper develops new stability criteria for T-S fuzzy systems with interval time-varying delay and parameter uncertainties. The derived criteria are de-lay-dependent ...Xin Li, Nannan Zhang and Liyan Yang-This content was downloaded from IP address 40.77.167.33 on 25/02/2022 at 12:40. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the CreativeCommonsAttribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution

Liyan Yang; Tony He; Volume 141, August 2022. Download full issue. Previous vol/issue. Next vol/issue. Actions for selected articles. Select all / Deselect all. Download PDFs Export citations. Show all article previews Show all article previews. Receive an update when the latest issues in this journal are published.

Disulfide bonds can increase the structural rigidity and thermal stability of enzymes by reducing the entropy of protein expansion process, the thermostability of alginate lyases cAlyM and PyAly was improved by introducing disulfide bonds (Inoue et al., 2016a; Yang et al., 2019). However, the disulfide bond reduces the soluble expression of the ...Xiong, Yan and Yang, Liyan, Secret and Overt Information Acquisition in Financial Markets (April 18, 2020). Available at SSRN: …Jan 27, 2015 · Goldstein, Itay and Yang, Liyan, Commodity Financialization and Information Transmission (June 1, 2019). AFA 2016 Annual Meeting, NBER 2015 Commodity Meeting, Rotman School of Management Working Paper No. 2555996, The Wharton School Research Paper, 28th Annual Conference on Financial Economics and Accounting, Journal of Finance, Forthcoming ... Abstract. In recent years, social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter have seen rapid growth and are favored by users of all ages. However, in the age of information overload, the quality of interactions on social media platforms varies significantly, leading to negative feelings among users and affecting their overall experience and loyalty.Liang Yang was born in China. He is known for Skyfall (2012), Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (2016) and Rush (2013). Menu. Movies. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. TV Shows.We thank the TCFA for awarding this paper the Best Paper Award. Yang thanks the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC Insight Grants 435-2012-0051 and 435-2013-0078) for financial support.Liyan Yang∗ [email protected]. University of Toronto October 16, 2022 ...Given name: Yang Bing Yan; Also Known as: Yuan Bingyan, Crystal Yuan, 圆圆, 晓茗, 小红, Yuan Yuan, Xiao Ming, Xiao Hong; Nationality: Chinese; Gender: Female; Born: January 17, 1992; Age: 31; Yuan Bing Yan is a Chinese actress, born in Shanghai and graduated from Shanghai Theater Academy. At the age of six, she began to learn Guzheng and ...The in vivo delivery of nanomedicine is severely hampered by the limited enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR) in tumors. Aiming at overcoming this limitation and achieving high anti-tumor effect of chemotherapeutics, we specially addressed an available strategy from a viewpoint of increasing the drug loading of nano-carriers.Liyan Yang,‡ a Jun Ma,‡ a Weibing Zhong, a Qiongzhen Liu, a Mufang Li, a Wen Wang, a Yi Wu, a Yuedan Wang, a Xue Liu a and Dong Wang * a Author affiliations * Corresponding authors

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Apr 17, 2020 · Liyan Yang, a visiting professor of finance at the Johns Hopkins Carey Business School, is a regular observer and interpreter of Fed activity. He also is the co-author of a new working paper on the interest-rate interplay between the Federal Reserve and the financial markets. ORCID record for Liyan Yang. ORCID provides an identifier for individuals to use with their name as they engage in research, scholarship, and innovation activities.Liyan Yang. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190 P. R. China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 P. R. China. Search for more papers by this authorLiyan Yang, Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Canada; Conference Structure About 12 papers will be accepted for presentation in plenary sessions. Research Topics. Information is a key driver of agents' economic decisions since every decision is made based on an information set. At a broad level, information is relevant to most …"The Asset-Pricing Implications of Dividend Volatility" (with Liyan Yang). Management Science, 2013, 59(9) 2036-2055 6. "Prospect Theory, the Disposition Effect, and Asset Prices" (with Liyan Yang). Journal of Financial Economics, 2013, 107(3) 715-739 7. "Testing Conditional Factor Models: A Nonparametric Approach" (with Liyan Yang).Liyan Yang. University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management. Date Written: September 10, 2022. Abstract. Open banking is a policy initiative that encourages lending market competition by allowing borrowers to freely share data with any financial institutions. We investigate resource allocation efficiency under open banking.These authors contributed equally: Betul Akgol Oksuz, Liyan Yang. Authors and Affiliations. Program in Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of ...Liyan Zhang. Xiangxin Sun. Longfei Wang. [...] Yi Li. Aerobic CH4-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) represent a biological model system for the removal of atmospheric CH4, which is sensitive to ...Liyan Yang. Liyan Yang. Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 4,* 1. Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China. 2.ICME 2023: 2435-2440. [i3] Chunyan Wang, Dong Zhang, Liyan Zhang, Jinhui Tang: Coupling Global Context and Local Contents for Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation. CoRR abs/2304.09059 ( 2023) 2022. [j20] Ying Cui, Dongyan Guo, Yanyan Shao, Zhenhua Wang, Chunhua Shen, Liyan Zhang, Shengyong Chen:The existence of multiple (two) information sources can lead to information acquisition being complementary. The multiplicity of equilibria is suggestive of excess volatility and crashes. The different financial market equilibria imply differing patterns of cost of capital and volume of trade. Keywords: CARA-normal, supply information ... ….

Sep 20, 2023 · Author links open overlay panel Liyan Yang a, Sipei Pan b, Wanxu Chen a c, Jie Zeng a, Hang Xu a, Tianci Gu a. Show more. Add to Mendeley. Share. Cite. Itay Goldstein and Liyan Yang January, 2014 Abstract We study the real-e¢ ciency implications of public information in a model where rele-vant decision makers learn from the -nancial market to guide their actions. Whether disclosure is figoodflor fibadfldepends on the interactions between two e⁄ects on real decision makers™forecast.Liyang Yang. Mathematics. Instructor. Fine Hall 710. [email protected]. Fine Hall, Washington Road Princeton NJ 08544-1000 USA Phone: (609) 258-4200 A central issue in privacy governance is understanding how users balance their privacy preferences and data sharing to satisfy service demands. We combine survey and behavioral data of a sample of Alipay users to examine how data privacy preferences affect their data sharing with third-party mini ...See all articles by Liyan Yang Liyan Yang. University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management. Haoxiang Zhu. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Date Written: May 31, 2019. Abstract.Goldstein and Yang (2019) indicate that disclosures can be either good or bad, depending on whether the disclosure concerns a dimension that the firm already knows about. In contrast, our paper suggests that disclosure benefits firms via the feedback effect, rather than harming them, and the cost of disclosure is endogenously generated from ...19. Tradisi Pemakaman Suku Minahasa di Sulawesi Utara. Kearifan lokal yang dimiliki Suku Minahasa ini mempunyai ritaul pemakaman yang memang unik dan berbeda dari tradisi masyarakat lainnya di Indonesia. Dimana Suku Minahasa memposisikan jenazah duduk sambil memeluk kakinya, bukan dalam posisi tidur.Liyan YANG | Cited by 22 | of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai (SJTU) | Read 4 publications | Contact Liyan YANGAbstract. If traders can obtain private information about the payoff and the supply of a stock then there can exist (i) complementarity in information acquisiti Liyan yang, Disulfide bonds can increase the structural rigidity and thermal stability of enzymes by reducing the entropy of protein expansion process, the thermostability of alginate lyases cAlyM and PyAly was improved by introducing disulfide bonds (Inoue et al., 2016a; Yang et al., 2019). However, the disulfide bond reduces the soluble expression of …, Liyan Yang. University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management. There are 2 versions of this paper Information Disclosure in Financial Markets. Annual Review of Financial Economics, 2017, 9, 101-125, Rotman School of Management Working Paper No. 2927013, Jan 2014. Itay Goldstein. Liyan Yang. We study a model to explore the (dis)connect between market efficiency and real efficiency when real decision makers learn information from the market to ..., Mar 20, 2023 · March 20, 2023. Toronto– Liyan Yang, a professor of finance at the University of Toronto’s Rotman School of Management is the recipient of the Bank of Canada’s Fellowship Award for 2023. Prof. Yang, who holds the Peter L. Mitchelson/SIT Investment Associates Foundation Chair in Investment Strategy at the Rotman School, received the award ... , The parameter values in Fig. 2 are similar to those in Fig. 1. Specifically, in the top panels, we set τ ω = 1 and τ ξ = 0.5, while in the middle panels, we set τ ω = 1 and τ ξ = 10. In the bottom panels, we set τ η = τ ξ = 1. In all panels, the other parameters are τ a = τ f = λ = γ x = γ y = c = 1 and β = 1 2., Liana Yang is a visual artist based in Singapore. Her works consist of photography, installations and video works, which explore the paradoxes of social culture & the duality of relationships., Yuheng He, Wenbin Yang, Xiangfeng Luo, Liyan Ma, Shaorong Xie: Object-Level Contrast Learning for 3D Sparse Object Detection in Ocean Scene. SEKE 2023 : 679-684, Hybrid decay: a transgenerational epigenetic decline in vigor and viability triggered in backcross populations of teosinte with maize, [email protected]. 1 Introduction In nancial markets, some well-known proverbs such as \a barking dog never bites" and \a loaded wagon makes no noise" vividly describe the situation in which market participants who own superior information carefully hide and trade on it. In other words, a dog that, [email protected]. Office Phone: (215) 746-0499. office Address: 2253 Steinberg-Dietrich Hall. 3620 Locust Walk. Philadelphia, PA 19104. Research Interests: corporate finance, feedback effects between financial markets and real economy, financial fragility and crises, financial institutions, financial markets. Links: Personal Website., Zechao Li, Jinhui Tang, Liyan Zhang, Jian Yang. Weakly-supervised Semantic Guided Hashing for Social Image Retrieval. International Journal of Computer Vision (IJCV) 128(8): 2265-2278, 2020. 8. Zechao Li, Jinhui Tang, Tao Mei. Deep Collaborative Embedding for Social Image Understanding. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence …, Filsafat tentang Liyan ini memiliki pengertian-pengertian mendalam yang oleh Armada Riyanto dipandang dapat menjadi komponen-komponen wisdom (kebijaksanaan) dari konsep tentang Kemanusiaan Indonesia.27 Menurut Armada Riyanto, "kemanusiaan" dalam sila kedua Pancasila memiliki fondasi "konsep rohani" yang mengatasi keberadaan eksistensial ..., Liyan Yang, Liyan Yang Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto and Peking University. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic. Google Scholar. Haoxiang Zhu. Haoxiang Zhu MIT Sloan School of Management and NBER. Send correspondence to Haoxiang Zhu, MIT Sloan School of Management, 100 …, Goldstein and Yang (2019) indicate that disclosures can be either good or bad, depending on whether the disclosure concerns a dimension that the firm already knows about. In contrast, our paper suggests that disclosure benefits firms via the feedback effect, rather than harming them, and the cost of disclosure is endogenously generated from ..., Skates are cartilaginous fish whose novel body plan features remarkably enlarged wing-like pectoral fins that allow them to thrive in benthic environments. The molecular underpinnings of this unique trait, however, remain elusive. Here we investigate the origin of this phenotypic innovation by developing the little skate Leucoraja erinacea as a genomically enabled model. Analysis of a high ..., ৩১ জানু, ২০২৩ ... Liyan Yang. ORCID logo 0000-0001-7366-0681. ;. Liyan Yang. (Supervision). 2. University of California Santa Barbara. , Goeta, California 93106,., Interchromosomal contacts between regulatory regions trigger stable transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in Drosophila, Liyan is a nice guy. Leave him alone. 0 out of 9 does not mean anything. If he accepts the 10th paper, his rate will be 10%, higher than the journal's acceptance rate. Liyan yang is ok, only reviewed 9. Lou Dong and Da Zhi are nasty., Liyan Yang comes from Zhejiang province. She received a Bachelor degree in Management from Wuhan College of International Business and Economics in 2009 and a Master degree in Textile Materials from Donghua University in 2012. She is currently a Ph.D. student and her research concerns improving the power conversion efficiency of perovskite ..., Liyan Yang Professor (status only cross-appointed) Office: Rotman School of Management, 473. Phone: 416-978-3930. Email address: TEEL The Department of Economics at …, Liyan Yang. Professor of Finance. Joseph L. Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto. CV. The PBC School of Finance (PBCSF), Tsinghua University's 17th school, …, CHC: Creating Healthier Communities' mission is to align business and community leaders with high-impact nonprofits to create healthier communities., , liyan sebagai bagian yang melengkapi eksistensinya. Dengan demikian, manusia harus menumbuhkan dalam dirinya a loving veneration of truth (sikap hormat yang dilandasi cinta akan kebenaran ..., Liyan Shen, Zipeng Xing, Jinlong Zou, Yuchi Zhang, Qi Zhu, Shilin Yang & Wei Zhou Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China Zhenzi Li ..., Liyan Yang, Wanxu Chen, Jie Zeng, Yangyi Zhong & Tianci Gu. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. Wanxu Chen. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China., YAN XIONG AND LIYAN YANG Discussant: Si Cheng (Syracuse University) ABFER 10. th. Annual Conference, May 2023. 1. Network Effects ..., Qianqian Yang, Yijie Wang, Yanxue Shang, Juan Du, Jianbo Yin, Di Liu, Zixi Kang, Rongming Wang, ... Wang Zheng, Anran Li, Xiuwen Wang, Zhigang Li, Bing Zhao, Liyan Wang, Wei Kan, Li Sun, Xin Qi. Construction of hydrophilic covalent organic frameworks and their fast and efficient adsorption of cationic dyes from aqueous solution., Yang et al. (2020) built an IDS model within the SDN controller, which is an ensemble of multiple layers with an implementation auto-encoder method (Griffin), to improve the anomaly detection ..., 1. Introduction. The CNC machining center is extensively used in manufacturing the die and the box-type parts. As the increasing requirement of the mechanical product's qualities, the components also need higher and higher precision., Weibing Zhong 1 , Haiqing Jiang 2 , Liyan Yang 2 , Ashish Yadav 2 , Xincheng Ding 2 , Yuanli Chen 2 , Mufang Li 2 , Gang Sun 1 3 , Dong Wang 1 2 Affiliations 1 College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China., Underwater images suffer from degradation due to light scattering and absorption. It remains challenging to restore such degraded images using deep neural networks since real-world paired data is scarcely available while synthetic paired data cannot approximate real-world data perfectly. In this paper, we propose an …, Liyan Yang. University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management. Date Written: September 13, 2020. Abstract. We analyze a single-factor setting in which there is private information about cash flows as well as their betas. The latter type of information multiplicatively affects cash flow volatility conditional